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Main.Ecologicstudies History

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April 25, 2008, at 03:26 PM by twebster -

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Rather than focus solely on traditional ecologic studies, the workshop will concentrate primarily on studies that combine individual and group-level data.
Confirmed speakers include Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Studies, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University, Sweden), Tyler VanderWeele (University of Chicago), Pia Verkasalo (National Public Health Institute, Finland), Tom Webster (Boston University School of Public Health), Rob Eisinga (Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands), Dan Wartenberg (Rutgers University, USA)

to:

Rather than focus solely on traditional ecologic studies, the workshop concentrated primarily on studies that combine individual and group-level data.
Confirmed speakers included Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Studies, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University, Sweden), Tyler VanderWeele (University of Chicago), Pia Verkasalo (National Public Health Institute, Finland), Tom Webster (Boston University School of Public Health), Rob Eisinga (Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands), Dan Wartenberg (Rutgers University, USA)

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November 30, 2007, at 10:20 PM by twebster -

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The workshop is part of the DIMACS Special Focus on Computational and Mathematical Epidemiology.

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The workshop is part of the DIMACS Special Focus on Computational and Mathematical Epidemiology.

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November 30, 2007, at 10:18 PM by twebster -

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Confirmed speakers include Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Studies, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University, Sweden), Tyler VanderWeele (University of Chicago), Pia Verkasalo (National Public Health Institute, Finland), Tom Webster (Boston University), Rob Eisinga (Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands)

to:

Confirmed speakers include Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Studies, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University, Sweden), Tyler VanderWeele (University of Chicago), Pia Verkasalo (National Public Health Institute, Finland), Tom Webster (Boston University School of Public Health), Rob Eisinga (Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands), Dan Wartenberg (Rutgers University, USA)

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November 30, 2007, at 10:17 PM by twebster -

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Rather than focus solely on traditional ecologic studies, the workshop will focus primarily on studies that 'combine individual and group-level data.

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Rather than focus solely on traditional ecologic studies, the workshop will concentrate primarily on studies that combine individual and group-level data.

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November 30, 2007, at 10:17 PM by twebster -

Changed line 5 from:

Rather than focus solely on traditional ecologic studies, the workshop will focus primarily on studies that 'combine individual and group-level data'.

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Rather than focus solely on traditional ecologic studies, the workshop will focus primarily on studies that 'combine individual and group-level data.

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November 25, 2007, at 01:50 PM by twebster -

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Subramanian SV, Glymour MM, Kawachi I. Identifying causal ecologic effects on health: a methodological assessment (forthcoming).

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Literature on partially ecologic studies\\

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Literature on studies that combine individual and group-level data\\

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Subramanian SV, Glymour MM, Kawachi I. Identifying causal ecologic effects on health: a methodological assessment (forthcoming).

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October 31, 2007, at 10:19 PM by twebster -

Changed lines 4-5 from:

The workshop is part of the DIMACS Special Focus on Computational and Mathematical Epidemiology. The focus will be on study designs combining individual and group level data.

Rather than focus solely on traditional ecologic studies, the workshop will focus primarily on studies that combine individual and group-level data.

to:

The workshop is part of the DIMACS Special Focus on Computational and Mathematical Epidemiology.

Rather than focus solely on traditional ecologic studies, the workshop will focus primarily on studies that 'combine individual and group-level data'.

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October 31, 2007, at 10:18 PM by twebster -

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Studies that combine individual and ecologic data
There are a number of interesting issues surrounding studies that use combinations of individual and group-level data:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias?
Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. Can we reduce the amount of ecologic bias?
How do we best measure contextual effects?

To learn more, attend the DIMACS workshop

Deleted lines 28-34:

Partially ecologic studies
There are a number of interesting issues surrounding studies that use combinations of individual and group-level data:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias?
Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. Can we reduce the amount of ecologic bias?
How do we best measure contextual effects?

To learn more, attend the DIMACS workshop

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October 31, 2007, at 10:17 PM by twebster -

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To learn more, attend the DIMACS workshop'

to:

To learn more, attend the DIMACS workshop

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October 31, 2007, at 10:16 PM by twebster -

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Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias? Answer: Yes, but crucially, we have often have better control of potential confounders*
Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. Can we reduce the amount of ecologic bias? Answer: Yes!*''
How do we best measure contextual effects? Measure both at the individual level.*

* To learn more, attend the DIMACS workshop'

to:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias?
Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. Can we reduce the amount of ecologic bias?
How do we best measure contextual effects?

To learn more, attend the DIMACS workshop'

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October 31, 2007, at 06:57 PM by twebster -

Changed line 6 from:

Confirmed speakers include Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Studies, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University, Sweden), Pia Verkasalo (National Public Health Institute, Finland), Tom Webster (Boston University)

to:

Confirmed speakers include Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Studies, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University, Sweden), Tyler VanderWeele (University of Chicago), Pia Verkasalo (National Public Health Institute, Finland), Tom Webster (Boston University), Rob Eisinga (Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands)

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October 31, 2007, at 06:26 PM by twebster -

Changed line 6 from:

Confirmed speakers include Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Stuides, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University, Sweden), Pia Verkasalo (National Public Health Institute, Finland), Tom Webster (Boston University)

to:

Confirmed speakers include Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Studies, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University, Sweden), Pia Verkasalo (National Public Health Institute, Finland), Tom Webster (Boston University)

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October 31, 2007, at 10:46 AM by twebster -

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Confirmed speakers include Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Stuides, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University), Tom Webster (Boston University)

to:

Confirmed speakers include Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Stuides, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University, Sweden), Pia Verkasalo (National Public Health Institute, Finland), Tom Webster (Boston University)

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October 30, 2007, at 08:21 PM by twebster -

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Rather than focus solely on traditional ecologic studies, the workshop will focus primarily on studies that combine individual and group-level data.

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October 30, 2007, at 08:19 PM by twebster -

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Confirmed speakers include Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Stuides, Seattle), Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University), Tom Webster (Boston University)

to:

Confirmed speakers include Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Stuides, Seattle), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University), Tom Webster (Boston University)

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October 30, 2007, at 08:18 PM by twebster -

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Confirmed speakers inlude Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Stuides, Seattle), Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University), Tom Webster (Boston University)

to:

Confirmed speakers include Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Stuides, Seattle), Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University), Tom Webster (Boston University)

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October 30, 2007, at 08:18 PM by twebster -

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The workshop is part of the DIMACS Special Focus on Computational and Mathematical Epidemiology. The focus will be on study designs combining individual and group level data.

to:

The workshop is part of the DIMACS Special Focus on Computational and Mathematical Epidemiology. The focus will be on study designs combining individual and group level data.

Confirmed speakers inlude Sebastien Haneuse (Center for Health Stuides, Seattle), Adam Glynn (Harvard University), Kosuke Imai (Princeton University), Anna Oudin (Lund University), Tom Webster (Boston University)

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October 10, 2007, at 07:28 AM by twebster -

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Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias? Answer: Yes, but crucially, we have often have better control of potetnial confounders*

to:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias? Answer: Yes, but crucially, we have often have better control of potential confounders*

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October 10, 2007, at 07:27 AM by twebster -

Changed lines 22-26 from:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias? Answer: Yes, but crucially, we have often have better control of potetnial confounders''
Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. Can we reduce the amount of ecologic bias? Answer: Yes!''
How do we best measure contextual effects? Measure both at the individual level.'

To learn more, attend the DIMACS workshop'

to:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias? Answer: Yes, but crucially, we have often have better control of potetnial confounders*
Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. Can we reduce the amount of ecologic bias? Answer: Yes!*''
How do we best measure contextual effects? Measure both at the individual level.*

* To learn more, attend the DIMACS workshop'

Restore

October 10, 2007, at 07:26 AM by twebster -

Changed lines 22-26 from:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias? Answer: Yes, but crucialy, we have often have better control of potetnial confounders''
Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. Can we reduce the amount of ecologic bias? How do we best combine the individual and ecologic information?
How do we best measure contextual effects?

to:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias? Answer: Yes, but crucially, we have often have better control of potetnial confounders''
Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. Can we reduce the amount of ecologic bias? Answer: Yes!''
How do we best measure contextual effects? Measure both at the individual level.'

To learn more, attend the DIMACS workshop'

Restore

October 10, 2007, at 07:23 AM by twebster -

Changed line 22 from:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias?

to:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias? Answer: Yes, but crucialy, we have often have better control of potetnial confounders''

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October 10, 2007, at 07:17 AM by twebster -

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Webster T. ''Bias in ecologic and semi-individual studies. DSc dissertation'. Boston University School of Publoic Health, 2000.

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Webster T. Bias in ecologic and semi-individual studies. DSc dissertation. Boston University School of Publoic Health, 2000.

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October 10, 2007, at 07:16 AM by twebster -

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Webster T.

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Webster T. ''Bias in ecologic and semi-individual studies. DSc dissertation'. Boston University School of Publoic Health, 2000.

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October 10, 2007, at 07:13 AM by twebster -

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return to Tom Webster

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return to Tom Webster

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October 10, 2007, at 07:13 AM by twebster -

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Webster T: Cross-level bias in partially ecologic studies. Proceedings of Spatial Epidemiology Conference, London 2006: . 23�25 May London. Small Area Health Statistics Unit, Imperial College; 2006, 127-132. [full text]
Webster T: Commentary: Does the spectre of ecologic bias haunt epidemiology? IInternational Journal of Epidemiology 2002, 31:161-162. [full text]

to:

Webster T: Cross-level bias in partially ecologic studies. Proceedings of Spatial Epidemiology Conference, London 2006. 23�25 May London. Small Area Health Statistics Unit, Imperial College; 2006, 127-132. [full text]
Webster T: Commentary: Does the spectre of ecologic bias haunt epidemiology? International Journal of Epidemiology 2002, 31:161-162. [full text]
Webster T.

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October 10, 2007, at 07:09 AM by twebster -

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Subramanian SV, Glymour MM, Kawachi I. Identifying causal ecologic effects on health: a methodological assessment (forthcoming).

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October 10, 2007, at 07:04 AM by twebster -

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Wakefield J: Ecologic studies revisited. ''Annu Rev Public Healthnn 2007 (online 3 October) full text

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Wakefield J: Ecologic studies revisited. Annu Rev Public Health 2007 (online 3 October) full text

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Wakefield J: Ecologic studies revisited. Annu Rev Public Health 2007 (online 3 October) full text

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October 10, 2007, at 07:03 AM by twebster -

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Wakefield J: Ecologic studies revisited. ''Annu Rev Public Healthnn 2007 (online 3 October) full text

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August 15, 2007, at 07:11 PM by twebster -

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Haneuse S, Wakefield J. Geographic-based ecological correlation studies using supplemental case-control data. Statistics in Medicine (in press 2007)

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August 14, 2007, at 10:42 PM by twebster -

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Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. How do we best combine the two?

to:

Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. Can we reduce the amount of ecologic bias? How do we best combine the individual and ecologic information?

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August 14, 2007, at 10:42 PM by twebster -

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How do we best combine individual and group-level information?

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Suppose we can supplement aggregate data with a sample of individual-level data. How do we best combine the two?

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August 14, 2007, at 10:39 PM by twebster -

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Literature on ecologic bias
There is a vast literature on ecologic bias. A few references include:

Greenland S: Divergent biases in ecologic and individual-level studies. Statistics in Medicine 1992, 11:1209-1223. [full text]
King G: A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1997.
Morgenstern H: Ecologic studies. In Modern Epidemiology. Second edition. Edited by: Rothman KJ, Greenland S. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1998:459-480.
Wakefield J: Ecological inference for 2 � 2 tables.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A 2004, 167:385-445. [full text]
Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007, 6:17. [full text].

Changed lines 24-31 from:

Literature
There is a vast literature on ecologic bias. A few references include:

Greenland S: Divergent biases in ecologic and individual-level studies. Statistics in Medicine 1992, 11:1209-1223. [full text]
King G: A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1997.
Morgenstern H: Ecologic studies. In Modern Epidemiology. Second edition. Edited by: Rothman KJ, Greenland S. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1998:459-480.
Wakefield J: Ecological inference for 2 � 2 tables.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A 2004, 167:385-445. [full text]
Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007, 6:17. [full text].

to:

Literature on partially ecologic studies\\

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August 14, 2007, at 10:37 PM by twebster -

Changed lines 22-23 from:

Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007; 6:17. [full text].

to:

Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007, 6:17. [full text].

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August 14, 2007, at 10:14 PM by twebster -

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Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007; 6:17 (5 July 2007). [full text].

to:

Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007; 6:17. [full text].

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August 14, 2007, at 10:13 PM by twebster -

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Consider a study that uses a group-level measure of exposure but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias?

to:

Consider a study that uses a group-level exposure variable but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias?

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August 14, 2007, at 10:12 PM by twebster -

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The workshop will sponsored through the DIMACS Special Focus on Computational and Mathematical Epidemiology. The focus will be on study designs combining individual and group level data.

to:

The workshop is part of the DIMACS Special Focus on Computational and Mathematical Epidemiology. The focus will be on study designs combining individual and group level data.

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August 14, 2007, at 10:09 PM by twebster -

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Partialy ecologic studies\\

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Partially ecologic studies\\

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August 14, 2007, at 10:08 PM by twebster -

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Consider a study that employ a group-level measure of exposure but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias?

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Consider a study that uses a group-level measure of exposure but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias?

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August 14, 2007, at 10:07 PM by twebster -

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Consider a study that employ a group-level measure of exposure but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject ot individual-level bias?

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Consider a study that employ a group-level measure of exposure but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject to ecologic bias?

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August 14, 2007, at 10:07 PM by twebster -

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What is the best way to combine individual and group-level information?

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How do we best combine individual and group-level information?

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August 14, 2007, at 10:06 PM by twebster -

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Partialy ecologic studies
There are a number of interesting issues surrounding studies that use combinations of individual and group-level data:

Consider a study that employ a group-level measure of exposure but measures outcome and covariates individually. Is such a study subject ot individual-level bias?
What is the best way to combine individual and group-level information?
How do we best measure contextual effects?

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August 14, 2007, at 10:00 PM by twebster -

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Wakefield J: Ecological inference for 2 � 2 tables.J R Statist Soc A 2004, 167:385-445. [full text]

to:

Wakefield J: Ecological inference for 2 � 2 tables.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A 2004, 167:385-445. [full text]

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Bj�rk J, Str�mberg U: Effects of systematic exposure assessment errors in partially ecologic case-control studies. Int J Epidemiol 2002, 31:154-160. full text]
Greenland S: Ecologic versus individual-level sources of bias in ecologic estimates of contextual health effects. Intern J Epidemiol 2001, 30:1343-1350. [full text]

to:

Bj�rk J, Str�mberg U: Effects of systematic exposure assessment errors in partially ecologic case-control studies. International Journal of Epidemiology 2002, 31:154-160. full text]
Greenland S: Ecologic versus individual-level sources of bias in ecologic estimates of contextual health effects. International Journal of Epidemiology 2001, 30:1343-1350. [full text]

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K�nzli N, Tager IB: The semi-individual study in air pollution epidemiology: a valid design as compared to ecologic studies. Environ Health Perspect 1997, 105:1078-1083. [full text]

to:

K�nzli N, Tager IB: The semi-individual study in air pollution epidemiology: a valid design as compared to ecologic studies. Environmental Health Perspectectives 1997, 105:1078-1083. [full text]

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Webster T: Commentary: Does the spectre of ecologic bias haunt epidemiology? Int J Epidemiol 2002, 31:161-162. [full text]

to:

Webster T: Commentary: Does the spectre of ecologic bias haunt epidemiology? IInternational Journal of Epidemiology 2002, 31:161-162. [full text]

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August 14, 2007, at 09:58 PM by twebster -

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The literature on combining individual and group data is smaller (although there is a boom in applications of 'hierarchical models')

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The literature on combining individual and group data is smaller (although there is a boom in applications of 'hierarchical models'); here are a few:

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August 14, 2007, at 09:58 PM by twebster -

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Webster T: Commentary: Does the spectre of ecologic bias haunt epidemiology? Int J Epidemiol 2002, 31:161-162. [full text]

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August 14, 2007, at 09:55 PM by twebster -

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There is a vast literature on ecologic bias. Some interesting work includes:

to:

There is a vast literature on ecologic bias. A few references include:

Greenland S: Divergent biases in ecologic and individual-level studies. Statistics in Medicine 1992, 11:1209-1223. [full text]
King G: A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1997.

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Wakefield J: Ecological inference for 2 � 2 tables.J R Statist Soc A 2004, 167:385-445. [full text]

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Greenland S: Divergent biases in ecologic and individual-level studies. Statistics in Medicine 1992, 11:1209-1223. [full text]
King G: A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1997.
Wakefield J: Ecological inference for 2 � 2 tables.J R Statist Soc A 2004, 167:385-445. [full text]

to:

The literature on combining individual and group data is smaller (although there is a boom in applications of 'hierarchical models')

Bj�rk J, Str�mberg U: Effects of systematic exposure assessment errors in partially ecologic case-control studies. Int J Epidemiol 2002, 31:154-160. full text]

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Webster T: Cross-level bias in partially ecologic studies. Proceedings of Spatial Epidemiology Conference, London 2006: . 23�25 May London. Small Area Health Statistics Unit, Imperial College; 2006, 127-132. [full text]

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Bj�rk J, Str�mberg U: Effects of systematic exposure assessment errors in partially ecologic case-control studies. Int J Epidemiol 2002, 31:154-160. full text]

to:

Webster T: Cross-level bias in partially ecologic studies. Proceedings of Spatial Epidemiology Conference, London 2006: . 23�25 May London. Small Area Health Statistics Unit, Imperial College; 2006, 127-132. [full text]

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August 14, 2007, at 09:49 PM by twebster -

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Webster T: Cross-level bias in partially ecologic studies. Proceddings of Spatial Epidemiology Conference, London 2006: . 23�25 May London. Small Area Health Statistics Unit, Imperial College; 2006, 127-132. [full text ?]

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Webster T: Cross-level bias in partially ecologic studies. Proceedings of Spatial Epidemiology Conference, London 2006: . 23�25 May London. Small Area Health Statistics Unit, Imperial College; 2006, 127-132. [full text]

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August 14, 2007, at 09:47 PM by twebster -

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Bj�rk J, Str�mberg U: Effects of systematic exposure assessment errors in partially ecologic case-control studies. Int J Epidemiol 2002, 31:154-160. full text]

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August 14, 2007, at 09:45 PM by twebster -

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Wakefield J: Ecological inference for 2 � 2 tables.J R Statist Soc A 2004, 167:385-445. [full text]

Changed lines 21-22 from:

K�nzli N, Tager IB: The semi-individual study in air pollution epidemiology: a valid design as compared to ecologic studies.

Environ Health Perspect 1997, 105:1078-1083. [full text]

to:

K�nzli N, Tager IB: The semi-individual study in air pollution epidemiology: a valid design as compared to ecologic studies. Environ Health Perspect 1997, 105:1078-1083. [full text]

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August 14, 2007, at 09:41 PM by twebster -

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Jackson C, Best N, Richardson S: Improving ecological inference using individual-level data. Statistics in Medicine 2006, 25:2136-2159. [http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/112099931/ABSTRACT?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0|[full text]]]

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Jackson C, Best N, Richardson S: Improving ecological inference using individual-level data. Statistics in Medicine 2006, 25:2136-2159. [full text]

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August 14, 2007, at 09:41 PM by twebster -

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Greenland S: Divergent biases in ecologic and individual-level studies. Statistics in Medicine 1992, 11:1209-1223. full text

to:

Greenland S: Divergent biases in ecologic and individual-level studies. Statistics in Medicine 1992, 11:1209-1223. [full text]

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Greenland S: Ecologic versus individual-level sources of bias in ecologic estimates of contextual health effects. Intern J Epidemiol 2001, 30:1343-1350. Publisher full text
Webster T: Cross-level bias in partially ecologic studies. Proceddings of Spatial Epidemiology Conference, London 2006: . 23�25 May London. Small Area Health Statistics Unit, Imperial College; 2006, 127-132. full text ?
Jackson C, Best N, Richardson S: Improving ecological inference using individual-level data.

Statist Med 2006, 25:2136-2159. [http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/112099931/ABSTRACT?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0|Publisher Full Text]

to:

Greenland S: Ecologic versus individual-level sources of bias in ecologic estimates of contextual health effects. Intern J Epidemiol 2001, 30:1343-1350. [full text]
Webster T: Cross-level bias in partially ecologic studies. Proceddings of Spatial Epidemiology Conference, London 2006: . 23�25 May London. Small Area Health Statistics Unit, Imperial College; 2006, 127-132. [full text ?]
Jackson C, Best N, Richardson S: Improving ecological inference using individual-level data. Statistics in Medicine 2006, 25:2136-2159. [http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/112099931/ABSTRACT?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0|[full text]]]

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Environ Health Perspect 1997, 105:1078-1083.Full text

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Environ Health Perspect 1997, 105:1078-1083. [full text]

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August 14, 2007, at 09:39 PM by twebster -

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Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007; 6:17 (5 July 2007). full text.

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Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007; 6:17 (5 July 2007). [full text].

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August 14, 2007, at 09:38 PM by twebster -

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Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007; 6:17 (5 July 2007). The full text is freely available here.

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Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007; 6:17 (5 July 2007). full text.

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August 14, 2007, at 09:37 PM by twebster -

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King G: A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1997.

to:

King G: A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1997.

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Greenland S: Divergent biases in ecologic and individual-level studies.

Stat Med 1992, 11:1209-1223.

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Greenland S: Divergent biases in ecologic and individual-level studies. Statistics in Medicine 1992, 11:1209-1223. full text

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Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007; 6:17 (5 July 2007). The full text is freely available here.

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Morgenstern H: Ecologic studies. In Modern Epidemiology. Second edition. Edited by: Rothman KJ, Greenland S. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1998:459-480.
Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007; 6:17 (5 July 2007). The full text is freely available here.
Greenland S: Divergent biases in ecologic and individual-level studies.

Stat Med 1992, 11:1209-1223.

King G: A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1997.
Greenland S: Ecologic versus individual-level sources of bias in ecologic estimates of contextual health effects. Intern J Epidemiol 2001, 30:1343-1350. Publisher full text
Webster T: Cross-level bias in partially ecologic studies. Proceddings of Spatial Epidemiology Conference, London 2006: . 23�25 May London. Small Area Health Statistics Unit, Imperial College; 2006, 127-132. full text ?
Jackson C, Best N, Richardson S: Improving ecological inference using individual-level data.

Statist Med 2006, 25:2136-2159. [http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/112099931/ABSTRACT?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0|Publisher Full Text]

K�nzli N, Tager IB: The semi-individual study in air pollution epidemiology: a valid design as compared to ecologic studies.

Environ Health Perspect 1997, 105:1078-1083.Full text

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Literature
There is a vast literature on ecologic bias. Some interesting work includes:

Webster TF. Bias magnification in ecologic studies: a methodological investigation. Environmental Health 2007; 6:17 (5 July 2007). The full text is freely available here.

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Workshop on ecologic inference: 28-30 November 2007, DIMACS, Rutgers University
The workshop will sponsored through the DIMACS Special Focus on Computational and Mathematical Epidemiology. The focus will be on study designs combining individual and group level data.